The main visas are divided into short-term stay (transits and 90-day visits) and long-term stay (student, residency and combined labour and residency visas). EU residents do not need an entry visa, and neither do residents of the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand who plan to spend 90 days in the country on holiday (so no work or study). Residents of countries signed up to the Schengen Agreement (that's the EU minus the UK and Ireland but including Norway and Iceland) do not even need a passport to enter, and can swan through on a national ID card.